Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Rosemarie O'Keefe

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices with Rosemarie O'Keefe

  • December 11, 2023

On September 11, 2001, Rosemarie O’Keefe was the Commissioner of the Mayor’s Community Assistance Unit, which worked directly with communities throughout New York City. In her 2007 oral history, she recounts the creation of the Family Assistance Center immediately after the attacks, providing a massive support system for victims' families. She also recalls the Christmas shopping experience she created for those families in an effort to give them as normal a holiday as possible given the tragedy. Rosemarie was a dedicated public servant who spent decades giving back to her community. After a long battle with cancer, she died at 65 on July 17, 2009. This December edition of our "In Their Own Voices" series features excerpts from her oral history. 

A light brown teddy bear wearing a maroon holiday sweater and matching Santa hat sits on a gray background

Teddy bear from the Family Assistance Center at Pier 94, donated by Marilyn Harkin, who volunteered there.

Where were you on the morning of 9/11?
I was on my way to Manhattan. I was on the Brooklyn Bridge when I got a call from Mayor Giuliani’s special scheduler. She asked where I was and informed me the Mayor wanted me to go to the World Trade Center. They thought a plane had gone into the building and he wanted me there to help answer questions.

As we drove up, we realized something else was happening, but we didn’t know what. I’ll never forget the things people just dropped in their moments of running and confusion — coffee cups, pocketbooks, shoes, their morning breakfast. I remember looking up at the building and being confused at what appeared to be carbon paper floating down, because I didn’t think they used carbon paper anymore. Well, it wasn’t. It was from the men who were leaping out of the building, and these were their jackets.

We weren’t emergency management, but knew we had to help. Some of my staff went to the river to try and get people out of Manhattan. We knew ferries and private boats were coming to help us.  We then put on jackets that said, ‘Mayor’s Office’ on the back. We thought it would help people to identify us — and they did. People just swarmed us looking for answers.

I was making my way out of lower Manhattan, walking over the Manhattan Bridge, when the towers came down.  Once in Brooklyn, we made our way to a school where we tried cleaning ourselves up. The Deputy Mayor called and said, “He wants you to come back. He needs you and the families need you.” I quickly showered and went back. The Mayor asked us to set up a family center. I stayed for the next three months.

What role did you play in the aftermath of the attacks?
We set up the Family Assistance Center at Pier 94. It was 130,00 square feet. We provided every form of assistance imaginable, including booths for about 60 different units, agencies, and companies — including companies who had offices in the World Trade Center, police departments, immigration services, human resources, foreign governments, and the fire department. Also set up was DNA testing in a private area. When a family member came into the building, they were given an escort and taken from booth to booth. 

As the weeks went on, and as we approached the holidays, the families had asked that we stay open for Christmas. They wanted something, not a festive holiday, but a holiday. We turned the pier into a shopping mall. We made boutiques out of every little space we could. We called every company imaginable, and they came. We must have had at least 50 booths with dolls, trucks, toy characters, gym equipment, handmade quilts, and more. We wanted people to shop without the agony of going to a public store. There were bags and bags of stuff. Kids were laughing. We had babysitting facilities so parents could leave their children while they were shopping. For just a moment, they had some normalcy around the holidays. 

Can you share some memories that stand out from your time running the Family Assistance Center? 
One of the responsibilities of the Family Assistance Center was taking family members down to the World Trade Center site by ferry boat. Most people came with extended family, but I remember one woman who came alone. I had a therapy dog and his owner go on the ferry with them. The dog instinctively knew she was alone. He went over and put his head on her lap the entire trip. When they got off the boat, the dog walked with her to the site where she put flowers down. 

There were also days when some family members just couldn’t go down to the site. It was too painful for them. I remember one gentleman who lost his son on 9/11. He said, “I can’t get on the boat. I’m not ready.” I told him that I knew he’d be ready soon, and when he was, he should find me, and I would go with him. That evening, I saw him running across 12th Avenue, and he told me he was finally ready to go, and that he could go alone. When he got back, he left in my hand a crumbled note. That note said it all. It said, “You were right.”  

Why is it important that we share stories like yours with the next generation, which has no lived memory of September 11th? 
These are remarkable stories that need to be shared, that need to be remembered. It was a moment in time when we all stood there and said, "This is the right thing to do." New York became gentler. We hoped that it would last forever.

Anything else you’d like to add?
During those three months at the Family Assistance Center, I didn’t have time to cry. However, when I relay these stories now, I sob at the thought of them. What we accomplished and what we were able to do for grieving families and for the city, gives me pause. During that time, I learned everything that needed to be done as it was happening. I would love to be able to share that knowledge with others should it be required in the future so others can be prepared. Perhaps me sharing my story now will do just that.  

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

Someone Like You on Their Side

Someone Like You on Their Side

  • May 15, 2023
Dan Jost in 2001
Photo courtesy Dan Jost

Like so many of us, the morning of September 11 began like any other for Daniel Jost. He was a New York City teacher on Staten Island and school was just starting for the day when the assistant principal came into his classroom. He was told to not show any emotion, but a plane had just crashed into the World Trade Center.  

Knowing that his students had many connections to first responders and others at the World Trade Center, Dan understood the importance of maintaining a calm presence amidst the chaos and confusion of what was unfolding. As he helped get students out of school and reunited with parents and guardians throughout the day, he received a message from his eldest son, Colin, that read, “Is mom okay?”  

Dan’s mind immediately shifted to his wife, Dr. Kerry Kelly, the Chief Medical Officer for the FDNY. 

A 20-year veteran of the department at the time, Dr. Kelly was attending to patients at her private medical practice when she learned about the attacks at the World Trade Center. She ran to her car and immediately left Staten Island to respond to the site. When she emerged from her car in lower Manhattan, she was stunned by the stark contrast between the sunny, summer day she had left and the dark, dust filled sky that now surrounded her. Dr. Kelly began to aid injured firefighters while simultaneously trying to communicate with other emergency personnel. She survived the collapse of both towers and continued to do her job during unimaginable circumstances, setting up triage centers, first in a nearby parking garage, and later at Pace University to help any wounded survivors. 

Dan hadn't immediately realized his wife was at the World Trade Center; she was scheduled to be in her office that day. However, he began to wonder after receiving his son’s message. It wasn’t until the next day that he learned the full extent of her harrowing experience and began joining her on regular trips to Ground Zero. 

Dr. Kelly played an essential role in formulating the department’s response to the attacks and Dan had a key part in helping his students navigate the aftermath of the attacks, which, in many cases, turned their worlds upside down. While difficult, Dan remembers that it was critical to provide his students with support outside of their homes.  

In the years after 9/11, Dr. Kelly continued as Chief Medical Officer for the FDNY. Through her work, she became a leading advocate for 9/11-related physical and mental health effects. Firefighters describe her as someone they could depend on and knew would support them through the highest highs and lowest lows of their careers, and the feeling is mutual – Dr. Kelly often refers to the fire department as a second family. 

Just as Dr. Kelly was there for “her” firefighters, Dan and their sons were an incredibly important support system throughout her career, especially after 9/11. In her nightstand, she keeps a note of encouragement and love her youngest son, Casey, wrote to her in the weeks after 9/11. In it he writes, “The city doesn't know how lucky it is to have someone like you on their side.”  

He also reassured his mom that he would “hold down the fort” at home, and that he, his father, and brother know how “incredibly lucky” they were that she was safe.  

In October 2001, in her first “day off” since the attacks, Dr. Kelly drove up to for a surprise visit with Colin. After greeting her, Colin asked what had inspired her to make the trip.

“I just needed a hug,” she said.  

This September, participants around the world can see Dr. Kelly and Mr. Jost share their stories, in their own words, as a part of the 2023 Anniversary Digital Learning Experience program. Register for this free program today. 

By Meghan Kolbusch, Education Specialist 

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Elizabeth Cascio

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Elizabeth Cascio

  • March 30, 2023

In honor of Women’s History Month, Elizabeth Cascio, a trailblazer in her field, shares some stories from her 39-year career with the New York City Fire Department (FDNY). She was originally appointed as an EMT in 1984. For the next 30 years, she served as an EMT, EMS 9-1-1 Dispatcher, EMS academy instructor, and lieutenant. Cascio planned to retire in 2014 but was sought out by then-Commissioner Daniel Nigro to be his executive officer. In 2018, she was promoted to Chief of Staff, becoming the first female and EMS member to rise to each of those positions. Last month, Cascio retired after nearly four decades of service. In that time, she responded to both the bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993 and the attack on September 11th. As part of our "In Their Own Voices" series, Cascio talks about the EMS academy mobilization in response to the attacks, and her experience as a 9/11 cancer survivor. 

Firefighters pose near Ground Zero

Cascio (center) with her partner, then-EMT Jimmy Mondello (right), and members of the FDNY.

Where were you on 9/11? 
The morning started just like you will hear everybody else who is a survivor or responder say, as a beautiful late summer day. It was a strikingly beautiful day: blue, blue skies without a cloud in sight and the perfect temperature. It was so beautiful. I remember grabbing my morning coffee to sit outside for a few minutes just to take it all in.   

I was back in my office for 20 or 30 minutes before an officer who worked with us at the academy ran in and asked, “What’s going on at the World Trade Center? Someone called for every available ambulance to respond.”  We started making some phone calls, but nobody picked up. We turned on the TV and see the smoke billowing out of the building. The newscaster said a plane accidentally flew into the tower. This was confusing, because it was such a clear day and it seemed impossible to not see these huge buildings.

As we continued to watch, we saw the second plane hit the other tower. We knew in that moment we would mobilize the academy to respond, just like we did in 1993, but on a larger scale. When we mobilized the academy, we got every vehicle we had, including all ambulances. We also commandeered two MTA buses. All of us — every staff member and student — got on those vehicles. The first tower collapsed while we were en route to Manhattan.

While on the buses, we were monitoring the radios from the scene. We were listening to responders who were trapped. We also heard the dispatcher do a roll call to get anyone with a radio at the scene to answer. Nobody answered. Eventually, it was a chief who was making his way to the World Trade Center on foot from Brooklyn who responded on the radio. It was a sobering moment. We believed everyone was dead.

We finally got into lower Manhattan, and as we were turning onto West Street by Stuyvesant High School, the second tower came crashing down and engulfed us. At the time, we thought there would be hundreds, if not thousands, of patients. We started to set up a war triage center. Within an hour or two, you could tell there weren’t many people to transport to hospitals. Those who were able to self-evacuate did so. We spent the rest of the day and night at the site. There were times we got so tired, we were just sitting in the ash, which was at least a foot deep. At the time, we knew it wasn’t safe. We knew it was a hazardous materials scene, but there wasn’t much you could do about it.

What role did you play in the rescue and recovery efforts? 
We decided right away that the EMS academy was going to assist the effort. We mobilized a group of different instructors who were each assigned a partner and a different area of the pile. Using gators, we would drive them as far into the pile as we could get. We would remove any remains found and bring them to the on-site temporary morgue. We did that every day in September. I spent the month by Engine 10, Ladder 10, with my partner.

For the first couple of days, we really thought we were going to find people. We thought as debris was being moved, we would find people in these pockets. It was a short-lived belief. First, we realized there was nothing recognizable in this pile of debris. These were two huge buildings of office space and there were no desks, chairs, file cabinets, or phones. There was nothing that would make you think this was once all office space. The other thing we realized was that as debris was moved, and as the area was exposed to oxygen, fires would ignite. With all that burning underneath, there couldn’t possibly be people who survived.

Do you have any health issues related to your time at Ground Zero? 
In October 2001, I start to have this chronic cough, which I referred to as my "Ground Zero cough." Many people would say, “Don’t say that.” Then other people started coughing, too. That was the first indication that we had had some significant exposures and connected health issues.

In January of 2002, I reported to FDNY headquarters for my annual medical. This time, it was different. Dr. Kelly, who was the Chief Medical Officer for the FDNY, made sure everyone signed up for a World Trade Center health monitoring program. We signed a lot of consent forms so they could do research and studies, and they did baseline exams that could be used to compare as the years went by.

There are many people who have gotten sick for their time at Ground Zero, I am one of them. I am a 9/11 cancer survivor. In 2019, I was diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer. It is one of the reproductive system cancers classified by the WTC Health Program as a 9/11 cancer. However, it wasn’t classified until late 2013. Since there was less representation of women in the roles of first responders, it took a longer amount of time to study the group to see if they were having a higher incidence of illness than the general population.

Why is it so important that future generations learn the story of 9/11?
When I was on the pile, I was walking with my partner, Jimmy, and we were waiting for someone to be found. We were taking in the entire scene, and I turned to Jimmy and said, "I get what it means to say 'Never Forget'. This is what they mean. I get what it means when the WWII vets say 'Never Forget'."

When I think about it, the idea of talking about this is difficult for me, however, I feel a sense of duty and a sense of responsibility. That’s what "Never Forget" means to me. Making sure the story doesn’t die with the people.

Is there anything else you'd like to add?
My whole world is defined by pre-9/11 and post 9/11. My new world is defined by COVID. No one could have told me early on that my career would include pandemics and terrorist attacks, plus the everyday responsibilities of helping in weather related emergencies, people in cardiac arrest, victims of crime, and so on.  

Also, if there is nothing else that I’ve learned from this experience, I’ve learned about the emotional toll of being a first responder and prioritizing mental health. I learned the key to success, particularly for a long-term career as an EMT, is resilience. That’s not a skill that can be taught. Instructors can tell you why it’s important, but we can’t teach you how to develop that. Resiliency is being able to take in these experiences and still be able to function, whole, healthy, and useful.

My advice is to always be a student. I’m still learning. As long as you’re still learning, you’re still growing.

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

The Call to Serve, a Generation Apart

The Call to Serve, a Generation Apart

  • February 28, 2023

Growing up in Queens, Patrick “Paddy” McGee was not sure what he wanted to do when he grew up. His community of neighbors, friends, and family members was full of people who worked in public service – giving him a glimpse into life as a civil servant in New York City. It wasn’t until he was 12 years old that Paddy saw Emergency Service police officers assisting with a traffic incident in his neighborhood that he immediately knew he wanted that job. At 19, he took the test to join the NYPD. 

Paddy joined the ranks of the NYPD in 1984 and frequently interacted with the department's elite Emergency Service Unit. After a rigorous training period, Paddy accomplished his childhood goal of joining the ranks of these elite officers he'd once seen assisting in his neighborhood. He was eventually assigned to Emergency Service Squad 1, where he would be working on the evening of September 10, 2001, hours before the attack that would change the NYPD and the world forever.

Paddy and Pat McGee at the Last Column

Paddy and Pat McGee at the Last Column

Upon witnessing the start of the attack on the World Trade Center from his home, Paddy rushed to his headquarters. He and his fellow officers reached the site after the North Tower collapsed. Later that evening Paddy, along with fellow ESU police officer Scott Strauss and civilian paramedic Chuck Sereika, began the dangerous process of rescuing trapped Port Authority Police Officer Will Jimeno and Sargent John McLoughlin. As they worked, Paddy started referring to John as “Irish Eyes,” in reference to their shared Celtic roots, to keep him conscious as they continued their rescue efforts.

Paddy served as a member of the NYPD ESU until his retirement, earning the NYPD’s Medal of Honor alongside Strauss for their efforts to rescue Jimeno and McLoughlin. As Paddy remembers his service to the city, he also remains inspired by those he worked alongside, many of whom he can remember by name. Years later, Paddy’s career would in turn inspire a member of the next generation, his son Patrick McGee Jr. Known to most as “Pat,” he joined the Port Authority Police Department in January 2023.

Pat, who was only two years old on that day in 2001, grew up attending ceremonies honoring his father's work on 9/11 and being told by many that his father was a hero. As he got older, he began to understand what had occurred on 9/11 and how important it was to honor and remember the sacrifices of first responders. As time moved forward, Pat decided, after finishing college, that he wanted to pursue a career in public service and joined the Port Authority Police Department.

As a new officer of the PAPD, Pat McGee wears Shield number 1117, the same number as now retired Officer Will Jimeno, whom his father helped rescue 22 years earlier.

While Paddy is proud of his son for the path he has chosen, he is particularly proud that his son found his own path to a life as a first responder, just as he did all those years ago in a neighborhood in Queens.

This September, participants around the world can see Paddy and Pat McGee share their stories, in their own words, as a part of the 2023 Anniversary Digital Learning Experience program. Register today.

By Meghan Kolbusch, Education Specialist

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Nancy Seliga

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Nancy Seliga

  • February 24, 2023

Nancy Seliga’s career with the Port Authority of New York & New Jersey began with her assignment to the World Trade Department’s real estate division in 1969, while the World Trade Center was still under construction. Over the course of her nearly 40-year career with the Port Authority, Nancy survived both the February 26, 1993, bombing and September 11, 2001 attack. Following February 26th, she worked to move tenants back into their offices and ensure they felt comfortable returning to work. On September 11th, Nancy was general manager of 1 World Trade Center. In the weeks following the attacks, her official role was to notify family members of recovered remains, reunite survivors with items found in the debris, help co-workers get back to work in other positions, and meet with state and federal agencies.

Ahead of the 30th anniversary of the 1993 bombing, Nancy’s account from 2009 highlights one of the many stories of individuals who played an integral role at the World Trade Center in the days and weeks that followed both attacks.

Blue and gold "Welcome Back" mug; Nancy Seliga's building ID; Port Authority safety vest; Seliga's damaged Mastercard, returned to her after 9/11

Clockwise from top left: "Welcome Back" mugs gifted to employees by the Port Authority following the 1993 bombing; Nancy Seliga's ID card, returned to her by NYPD after 9/11; Port Authority safety vest; Nancy Seliga's MasterCard, damaged on 9/11. 

When did you start working at the World Trade Center? 
I was an employee of the Port Authority for 38 and a half years. When I started in July of 1969 the World Trade Center was under construction. I was hired as a junior stenographer and assigned to the World Trade Department, which I never left. I worked for people in the real estate division, who were working with prospective tenants. In January of 1970, I was promoted to secretary. One of the men I worked for was asked to lead the information center at the World Trade Center, and I went to work with him. In March of 1971, we moved to the 33rd floor of 1 World Trade Center.

When we moved into 1 World Trade Center, it was built, but the interior was still being finished. The original intent was that all floors would be full-floor tenants. It was geared to importers and exporters because a certain portion of their business had to be devoted to world trade in order to meet the criteria to move in. The entire complex was dedicated in 1973. It was a great place to work. When the towers were done, I was so proud of the fact that I worked in them. From 1969 to 1981, I climbed up the clerical ranks, went to college on weeknights and on the weekends and then entered and climbed up the management ranks. Each tenant had a team of two people, one was the real estate liaison, handling all aspects of their lease, and the other was the liaison for all issues related to World Trade Center operations — maintenance, communications, among other things. I was one of the operations liaisons for the complex.

Where were you on the day of each attack?
On February 26,1993, I was on the 35th floor of 1 World Trade. At 12:18 p.m., when the bomb went off, the building shook. We all thought it was a transformer. Each floor had a fire safety team and our floor warden told everyone to start going down the stairs, which we did. I didn’t know it at the time, but the smell in the stairwell was the tires burning. It was horrible. I’m claustrophobic, so I got down to the 20th floor before I had to get out of the stairwell. I went into a conference room, which was filled with Port Authority and other personnel, and waited until the fire department came and took us down the stairs. When I got downstairs, everyone was covered in black soot. I was directed to the plaza, and I found someone I knew. He told me it was a bomb. I asked if he was sure and he said, “I was in Vietnam, I know that smell.” Afterwards, a lot of people went home, but I was in tenant services, and I had a job to do. I left that night at about 10:30 p.m.

An hour and a half before this happened, I had been meeting with a tenant in 2 World Trade Center, who had certain issues that needed to be addressed. From his office, I took the elevators down to the B2 level in 2 World Trade Center and walked across the parking lot into B2 of 1 World Trade, the exact spot where the bomb detonated. Many people have asked me if I saw a van there and I just don’t remember.

On 9/11, I was general property manager of 1 World Trade Center. I was on the 21st floor and I arrived to work at 7 a.m. I had a staff meeting every Tuesday at 8:30. I was sitting in the conference room waiting for everyone and when the building was hit, I just knew it was a plane. We were on the north side of the floor and as we looked out the window and we saw all this glass coming down. My secretary at the time, who was also there on February 26th of 1993, hadn’t even taken off her sneakers yet and she just took off. She made it down the stairs without passing anybody. I was the civilian incident liaison, so I knew I had to get down to the fire command center right away. I grabbed my radio and ID and went downstairs. I got down to the 11th floor and the claustrophobia kicked in. I got off at the 11th floor with several other people I worked with, and I had to catch my breath. I said, “I can’t do it, I can’t do it.” My coworkers said, “Just take your time.” I said, “I don’t have a good feeling about this, let’s keep going.”  

I got down to the lobby and I had no idea where the plane had come in, nor did I know that 2 World Trade Center had been hit. When the Chief Operating Officer for the Port Authority saw me, he told me I had to get out. After going back and forth with him about my responsibility, I went to the hotel, and attempted to set up a command center in the lobby until an NYPD officer told us to leave. We were on the corner of West Street and Thames, when suddenly, there was a loud roar and a woman standing there yelled, “It’s a third plane.” Everyone started to run. It was the 2 World Trade Center starting to come down. As we ran, I lost everyone I was with except for my friend, Bob. You couldn’t see anything. We just kept walking until we got to Chinatown. That’s when someone told us that the towers were gone, and we turned around and saw all the dust and debris in the air. Bob had a doctor in Chinatown, so we went there to clean all the dust from our faces. Then we walked to the Holland Tunnel.

What role did you play in the rescue and recovery efforts after each attack?
1993
: The next day, I was back at work. The tenants wanted to go back. We worked a lot of hours, a lot of overtime. We worked with the restoration company to make sure we got everything cleaned as quickly as we possibly could. We coordinated all the move-ins, starting with Fuji Bank and New York State. By the sixth week, we put together a move back team and they’d start at 10 o’clock at night. We worked very closely with our tenants. Part of the move back nights were putting a mug on everyone’s desk that said, "Welcome Back." We tried to make it as comforting as possible because people were afraid.   

9/11: On September 12th, I went to my son’s house because I had to print the most up to date list of the tenants. That list included the tenant’s name, the contact name, phone number, office phone, cell phone, home phone, everything. The official role I had was part of a team to notify the World Trade Department families when someone was identified. There were about six of us that worked and rotated. We worked, at minimum, 12-hour shifts. I was getting calls from families who were missing someone and people I worked with asking, “What can I do, when can I get back to work?”

In the months following 9/11, two Port Authority detectives were assigned to Fresh Kills to gather items that were either part of the WTC itself or belonging to the Port Authority people who survived. I was the signatory for those items. When I would get them, if I could send them to the owner, I would. If I couldn’t find them, I kept them. (Nancy has since donated, to the Museum, any Items that could not be reunited with their owners.)

Sometimes it feels like it happened yesterday. Sometimes it feels like it happened in another life. Sometimes it feels like it happened to somebody else. The aftereffects never go away. These stories need to be told. These were innocent people. 

**********

Nancy met her husband, Chuck Seliga, during her time at the Port Authority. On 9/11, Chuck was the President and CEO of Stewart Airport in upstate New York, where several planes bound for New York City airports were diverted. In 2009, Chuck recalled meeting Nancy early on in their careers working in the World Trade Center.

"She was working, I think at the World Trade Institute at the time, which was on a different floor from my office. There was a conference dinner being held uptown that my boss was attending. While I was there setting up, she was also there setting up for someone else. When everyone else went to dinner, the two of us weren’t invited, so I said, ‘Are you hungry?’ and we went out to dinner. I didn’t see her [again] until six months later. We ran into each other and we went to dinner. Even though we worked in the same building, on different floors, we met at that conference uptown.”

Chuck Seliga passed away on May 20, 2022 at his home in Monroe, NY. He was 79 years old. He and Nancy had been married for more than 40 years.

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Father Brian Jordan

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Father Brian Jordan

  • December 23, 2022
Father Brian Jordan at Ground Zero
Ministering at Ground Zero

Father Brian Jordan, a Franciscan priest, spent 9/11 blessing bodies at Ground Zero. He went on to deliver Mass at Ground Zero for nearly 10 months, ministering to rescue and recovery workers of all faiths. In this installment of our "In Their Own Voices" series, Father Jordan recalls the time he spent at Ground Zero and the impact of his work not only on the community, but on himself. 

The World Trade Center Cross on view at the Museum

From the Museum's Historical Exhibition: Intersecting steel beam that became known as the World Trade Center Cross, where Father Brian Jordan held Sunday Mass for rescue and recovery workers in the weeks and months following 9/11. 

Where were you on 9/11? 
I was at New York Presbyterian Hospital in Washington Heights when I found out that the World Trade Center was attacked. I procured a cab, which took me down to about West 70th Street. That was as far as we could go, and I started walking. I realized I was the only person walking south on Broadway. Everyone else was walking north to escape the terror and the tragedy that occurred earlier that morning. 

When I got down to St. Francis of Assisi Church on West 31st Street, I went into my office. I realized that my phone, my private line, was the only one working in the building. I let all the people who were lost, looking for loved ones, confused, and scared use it to call their loved ones. We gave out water, and we let them sit in the church to relax. 

After a while, I decided to get some holy water and go down to the World Trade Center to see what I could do to be of assistance. Around 1 pm, one of my other fellow Franciscans informed me that my good friend, mentor, and fellow Franciscan Father Mychal Judge, was killed at the World Trade Center. At the time, he was serving as a chaplain to the FDNY. I had to decide whether to feel sorry for myself or do what Mychal would want me to do. So I walked all the way down to the site. I recognized a couple of the police officers and they let me go in to start blessing bodies. I did that for a good part of the day before I went back to the friary.  

What role, if any, did you play in the rescue, recovery, and relief efforts? 
The following day, I went down with a group of firefighters. We were going through the debris and found a couple of firetrucks that were destroyed. 

A few days later, on September 16, I said my first Mass at Ground Zero. The following week, I said Mass again. I met Frank Silecchia, a construction worker from Local 731. He asked me if I wanted to "see God’s house.’" I looked at him and said, “God’s house is right there. St. Peter’s Church is right nearby.” He said, “No, the real house.” I followed him and went into what was 6 World Trade Center. He said, “Look down below, Father.” Right there, I saw for the first time the famous cross at Ground Zero. I realized that God was right there. 

Working with the mayor’s office, we agreed the cross needed to be saved. On October 4, we had a blessing ceremony. Uncoincidentally, October 4 is the Feast of St. Francis, the patron saint of ecology. St. Francis is very much a figure of interfaith. People are very devoted to him because of his great devotion to nature and animals. Since we were standing alongside Mother Earth on sacred ground, I thought that was a befitting day to bless the cross. 

The cross was excavated and put on top of a concrete abutment on the corner of Vesey and West Streets. At the blessing ceremony, there was representation of all those from the site: a police officer, firefighter, Port Authority officers, and members of the building construction trades. At least 300-400 people were in attendance. It gave a boost of energy to the people at the time. 

On Sunday, October 7, we held our first Mass by the cross, and continued to do so every Sunday morning thereafter, until February when the cross was moved to a new location in lower Manhattan. [Father Jordan continued to deliver Mass at Ground Zero throughout the rescue and recovery effort.]

Can you describe the bond between yourself and other recovery workers? How has this community impacted you?
People from all faith traditions were welcome to Mass. Everyone was invited. This was the worst tragedy in the history of the city and the history of the continental United States. I was there to invite people to come together— not to divide us, to unify us. We did indeed come together. 

I thought the bucket brigade was one of the greatest sights I saw of humanity. All different groups pitched in and moved the buckets. I tried to do it, but I realized after 20 minutes that it was too heavy. I was a priest, not a construction worker. I was proud of all those people that were there. They were all volunteers; these weren’t just paid workers. After a while, they wanted paid workers there. It was a privilege to be able to serve among those men and women. I wouldn’t trade it for the world. 

  • Life-sized Polaroid portrait of Father Brian Jordan
  • Drawing depicting Father Brian Jordan at Ground Zero

Left: Life-sized Polaroid of Father Jordan by Joe McNally. Right: Pen and ink drawing of Father Jordan by John Coburn. A house fire left its edges visibly singed. 

What does May 30 mean to you?
On May 30, 2002, the day the Last Column was removed, I was proud of the city. It was also Fleet Week here in New York. There were hundreds of union construction workers, and the crane from Local 15 placed the Last Column on the flatbed truck. The pipe and drum and bands from the different unions were right behind the truck. While going up the ramp, there were police officers, firefighters, marines, and the U.S. Navy, all standing in salute thanking the union construction workers. I thought that was a wonderful, beautiful, outstanding gesture. I’m seeing grown men, these tough guys, crying that they’re finally being appreciated for all the work they did. I’m very grateful to the city for recognizing the construction workers. Everyone talks about the firefighters and police officers, and that’s important, but 80 percent of recovery workers were union construction workers and they don’t get as much mention. 

Is there anything else you'd like to add?
The only exception we made to Sunday Masses was on December 24. I was allowed to do a Midnight Mass at the site. I’ve been a priest for 27 years [at the time of recording in 2010] and this was the coldest Midnight Mass I’d ever done in my life. All workers were invited to attend, and we had about a 160 people show up. I was proud of them. There were even family members who participated at Mass. The Mass was catharsis for them. Even though they lost their husband, brother, sister, or spouse, they could grieve on Christmas Eve at this site rather than be at home, isolated from the event. It was very helpful for them in an emotional, spiritual manner. I was glad to help and be part of that celebration with them. It was deep catharsis for myself too since I lost Father Mychal and 10 other friends. Even though we saw evil at its worst, we also saw goodness at its best as the country came together, and the city came together.

Father Brian Jordan has since written a memoir, The Ground Zero Cross, which you can read more about here

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Bryan Stern

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Bryan Stern

  • December 2, 2022
Bryan Stern

Stern in Afghanistan

Watching U.S. troops withdraw from Afghanistan in August 2021 inspired Bryan Stern — a veteran and rescue and recovery worker— to found Project Dynamo, which evacuates Americans and our allies overseas. With December upon us, we're closing out Salute to Service with one more special installment of our "In Their Own Voices" series. Here, Stern talks about the role he played on 9/11, the clean-up at Ground Zero, and his years in the military as a counterinsurgency and intelligence operative. Today and always, we are thankful to all those who serve the country in the military. 

Where were you on 9/11?
I was working for the U.S. Army with counter-intelligence support to counter-narcotics, and we had offices in 6 and 7 World Trade. When I came out of the train station that morning,  there was a burning hole in the North Tower. I immediately thought, “This was no accident.” I started calling the office to find people, but the lines were busy. I was occupied trying to reach others and didn’t even see the second plane hit, but I heard people screaming and then the huge explosion. I swear, I could feel the heat of the building on me. I knew in that moment that the world was going to be different.

What role did you play in the rescue and recovery efforts? 
As the South Tower started to come down, I took coverage between two vehicles. I thought, "A hundred and ten stories coming screeching to the floor, I don’t have a chance." I never heard anything like it. It was like a movie. It was this larger-than-life cloud, chasing me. It looked like I would get hit in the head and that’d be the end. All I hoped was that it would be quick.

I waited for it to end. Then I got up and checked myself. I had all my fingers and all my toes; I was bleeding a little — cut up with scratches, but I didn’t have any puncture wounds. I wasn’t breathing well, so I put my face into my shirt because I thought that would be better than nothing to protect myself from the dust.

I would spend the next four days straight at Ground Zero, then return soon after and stay for weeks. My priority was to find people who might still be alive.

We weren’t wearing respirators, but we should’ve. We got some eventually. Before that, some people were wearing painters masks. Some tried wearing paper masks, but when you started to breathe, they would quickly get covered in dust.

I never found anyone alive during my time at Ground Zero. I was very optimistic for those first four days. I remember desperately wanting to find someone alive, but when that didn’t happen, I began thinking it'd be great if I just found someone to return to their family. That would have been a blessing at that point. 

  • Bryan Stern
  • Bryan Stern

Stern during the rescue and recovery effort after 9/11.

Can you describe the bond between yourself and other recovery workers? How has this community impacted you?
Everyone helping was from a different agency. We weren’t used to working together and we didn’t have the same equipment, and sometimes, we didn’t even speak the same language.  It was, "Help where you can.” Each day, new people would show up to help. We all worked together to get the job done. 

Do you have any health issues connected to your time at Ground Zero?
I still have lung problems. As part of the military, I’m tuned in with my PTSD and mental health. For a long time, I couldn’t go near construction sites. The smell of the concrete dust and the sound of the jackhammering would bring me right back to Ground Zero. Now, I return to the 9/11 Memorial & Museum, often with veteran groups. It has become cathartic.

Why is it important to share your story and stories of others with the next generation?
When I talk to young people, I’m always vocal about 9/11, because it’s touched all of us in some way. Whether it’s traveling at the airport or renewing your driver’s license. I don’t think they realize how many little things in their lives were changed because of 9/11, and by explaining that to them, it helps them understand the timeline and importance of that day.

We always say, "Never Forget." Whenever I give speeches, I always tell people to live their lives like it’s September 12. I should’ve died twice on September 11, but I didn’t. It ties into one of our big sayings at Project Dynamo, which is "Don’t be a spectator." That doesn’t mean you have to run into a burning building, but it means you have to do something. Whether that’s teaching, advocating, donating, anything really.

Anything else you’d like to add?
I’ve always run towards people who need help. I did so with many others at the World Trade Center on 9/11 and during the following rescue, recovery, and relief effort. I also did so in the military. That’s why I founded Project Dynamo a few months before the 20th anniversary of 9/11.

I was in my living room, watching the withdrawal from Afghanistan, and it took me right back to 9/11. The Taliban were hunting down my friends. I thought, “What would a fireman do on 9/11?” I called some of my friends and said, “We’re going to Northern Afghanistan and we’re going to help.” I told them I wanted to be back for the 20th anniversary, and we would do the best we could in that time. Since then, we’ve been all over the world helping people.

Project Dynamo has two main operations. Digital Dunkirk locates veterans at risk and transports them to a safe location. These efforts are assisted by Dynamo II, a group of veterans who were contacted to help former Afghanistan interpreters and civilians whose lives were at risk in Afghanistan. Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, we’ve expanded Dynamo II operations to help evacuate refugees there. These operations are a colossal undertaking, as the work is done by civilians and runs off donations. To read more about the work we do, please visit our website

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With John Paluska

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With John Paluska

  • November 4, 2022
John Paluska at Ground Zero, in gas mask, neon safety vest, and hard hat
Courtesy John Paluska

Paluska at Ground Zero, September 2001

Less than one week before the 9/11 attacks, Army veteran John Paluska was a rising college freshman in Iowa. The morning of the attacks — a mere six days into his first year at Fordham University — Paluska stood on the roof of his dorm and watched in horror as the second tower fell. Then he rode the subway downtown, where he ultimately spent almost a week volunteering with rescue and recovery efforts at Ground Zero. In this special Salute to Service installment of our Q&A series "In Their Own Voices," Paluska — who co-founded our Visionary Network in 2020 — talks about the role he played and how the experience inspired him to join the U.S. armed forces. 

Where were you on 9/11? 
I had just moved to New York from Iowa, and I was six days into my freshman year at Fordham University. In my dormitory, I woke up to hearing the news that the towers had been hit and I went to the top of my dormitory and witnessed the second tower fall. Immediately after learning that this was a terrorist attack, and the tragedy of the scene, I jumped on a subway and went downtown to Ground Zero. I took the D train down to 14th Street and walked until I arrived at Manhattan Community College which was two to three blocks north of the World Trade Center. Someone asked me if I was there to be part of the civilian military Response and I said I was there to help. I was asked for my next of kin, however, I didn’t know what that meant, so I gave them my Social Security number. We suited up with some boots and gloves — whatever tools we could find. Off I went into Ground Zero with a group of 30 to 40 other folks. Amongst us were union workers, air conditioner duct workers, iron workers, and military.  

What role did you play in the rescue, recovery, and relief efforts? 
I spent six days at Ground Zero and with a rescue and recovery team on the west side near where the North Tower was. I recovered about four bodies and helped pass along the remains of many other victims, many of which were draped with American flags and others in black or fluorescent orange body bags. In the later days, I ended up helping ironworkers with some of the welding duties and provided general help whenever it was needed.

Can you describe the bond between yourself and other recovery workers? How has this community impacted you? 
The night before the 20th anniversary of the attacks while in a lower Manhattan bar, I met a group of guys, and we started chatting. One was an army commander who had also spent time at Ground Zero.  He showed me photos and somehow remembered me! I hadn’t met with, or spoken with, anyone that I volunteered with until that evening, in fact I rarely talked with anyone about my time at Ground Zero, so it was the most touching experience, and I have met up with him three times since. The bond between fellow rescue recovery workers — whether it be those I worked for or those I worked alongside — and the 9/11 family members is indescribable. It is an infinite and powerful bond that we will never forget. We will always be there for each other. We continue to support the remembrance to honor the victims and it’s a mission that we will never let fail because of the lessons we learned from what happened on September 11, 2001.

What does May 30th mean to you? 
I've made hundreds of friends after 9/11 that did so much more than me and that I have incredible respect for. The people of the 9/11 community inspire me to want to continue to provide more and continue giving more of myself. It’s a community full of heroes, respected authoritative figures, and families whose lives were horrifically changed forever who continue to mourn the huge loss. May 30th is an annual reminder of this. I stay motivated to help educate and bring remembrance to this younger generation.

Do you have any health issues connected to your time at Ground Zero? 
In the weeks after Ground Zero, I ended up developing a postnasal drip and a cough that was relatively significant throughout my freshman year. In November, I went to an ENT doctor to get a chest X-ray. I went back in December. So, despite having only spent six days at Ground Zero, I do have some degree of complications from my short time at Ground Zero. Fortunately, it has not yet turned into anything of a serious nature. 

Regarding the mental health aspects, I think I find solace in being around people who experienced what I experienced. I had been unable to tell my story in detail for 17 years because it was so hard for me to describe what I saw and what I did. It was traumatic for a kid who had just moved from Iowa — from a farm surrounded by cornfields — to see what I saw.

Why is it important to share your story and stories of others with the next generation?
9/11 was a target against humanity. The hardest part over 20 years later is connecting with those who were not born yet and conveying the impact and implications of that horrific day.  The people who gave their lives on that day, and the heroes, in the immediate minutes and hours of the attacks, as well as the community that has come together over the years, showed that you can come back stronger. It shows that no act of evil will ever stop us from representing who we are, what we believe in, nor forgetting and honoring what we’ve been through. 

In 2019, I co-founded the 9/11 Memorial & Museum Visionary Network as a way to connect with the next generation. It is up to us to carry on these stories of heroism and the memories of so many. 
Teaching about the events and honoring those killed is still everyone’s mission. It is important to the 9/11 community to relay the significance of 9/11 and the work that was done, and what happened, because that day shaped the world as we know it.

Anything else you’d like to add? 
Prior to 9/11, I had no intention of joining the military, but I had just served alongside some national guardsmen — folks who were wearing a uniform — and at 18 years old, was one of the youngest to volunteer at Ground Zero. A month after 9/11, I went and spoke to an Army recruiter about my options. I was put in the middle of this catastrophic event, and I was blindsided by the impact it had on me. I was so juvenile, and I had no idea how it would affect me to the point that I completely changed my career and life path. 

I started basic training in April 2002. I later joined the Army ROTC at Fordham and was commissioned as an officer in 2005. I served in the United States Army until March 2017, when I was medically retired following injuries sustained from roadside bombs. As a Green Beret, I was deployed to many countries around the world. As a foreign training advisor, I gained a different understanding of the many different cultures, and the types of hardships people suffer. More than ever, I learned to appreciate the freedoms I have as an American and feel very fortunate to have been born in the United States.

Compiled by Government and Community Affairs Intern Daniella Semper

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Dr. Kerry Kelly

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices With Dr. Kerry Kelly

  • September 27, 2022

On 9/11 and for more than two decades after the attacks, Dr. Kerry Kelly served as the FDNY's Chief Medical Officer, overseeing a staff of physicians, nurses, and civilians. Earlier this year, we welcomed her to our Board of Trustees. In this month's installment of our ongoing Q&A series "In Their Own Voices," Kelly shares the unique perspectives her role afforded her. 

Where were you on 9/11?
I was in Staten Island Hospital making rounds on my patients. I received a notification from the FDNY that a plane had hit the World Trade Center.  At the same time, I looked up at a patient's TV and saw smoke coming out one of the Towers.  As Chief Medical Officer of the FDNY,  I knew I had to get there because our members would be responding and might need medical assistance. My patient said, "My son is a firefighter, he might be there." I told him that's where I was going and that his son would be okay. And I found out later he was.

Blue flat sandals in plastic bag

Kelly is in the process of donating the sandals she wore on 9/11— pictured here in protective plastic bag — to the Museum. 

What role did you play in the rescue, recovery, and relief efforts?
I responded to the site to provide medical assistance to FDNY members as needed. One company flagged me down to help with a severely injured member who had been hit by falling debris from the South Tower. We got him in an ambulance to go to the hospital. Shortly after that the South Tower fell. With the help of other fire department members, we were able to get people to the Hudson River, where police boats were taking injured people to New Jersey.

When the North Tower came down the visibility worsened. I met up with my colleague Dr. [David] Prezant at Bowling Green and then headed up Broadway to set up a medical triage center near City Hall. Our efforts continued from that day on, trying to establish who had died, searching for FDNY members in the hospital, and trying to ensure the workforce had adequate protection and address the health consequences of the exposures of that day and in the days that followed. The establishment of the FDNY WTC Health Program began that day in the ashes, and the program continues as we pledged to never forget.

Can you describe the bond between yourself and other recovery workers?
I feel a very tangible bond with those who worked at that site. I am a third generation FDNY member who had 20 years of service at the time of 9/11. First responders place their lives on the line each time they answer a call. We mourned as a family those we lost that day, with the rescue and recovery efforts continuing for many months. That bond continues to this day in my work with the cancer care arm of the FDNY WTC Health Program.

What does May 30 mean to you?
On one level, this day marks the closure of the site where so many perished. But like any battleground, it still holds the memories of that fateful day, of those we lost, and of those heroic first responders who worked for months in rescue and recovery. It represents what evil can destroy and also what good faith can restore.

Do you have any health issues connected to your time at Ground Zero?
Yes, I am under treatment and get yearly monitoring with the FDNY WTC Health Program.

Why is it important to share your story and stories of others with the next generation?
This was an attack on a civilian population in the United States, with an unprecedented loss of life. Our sense of security was shattered. This is a story of overwhelming anguish and grief balanced by a spirit of resourcefulness to find those buried in the rubble, to remember who they were as individuals. The resolve to never forget remains. New York City came together with a spirit of community that was heartening. The 9/11 Memorial & Museum are critical in reminding us of the events of that day, an ordinary day in September that is an unforgettable memory for so many. Each generation should hear these stories.

Anything else you would like to add?
The story of 9/11 hasn't ended. It continues with the health issues that still affect those survivors and first responders subject to the toxic chemical mix at the WTC site. The stories of these individuals must be heard.

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices with Bridget Gormley

Rescue & Recovery: In Their Own Voices with Bridget Gormley

  • August 29, 2022
A woman stands with a group of uniformed FDNY members on a red carpet at a movie screening

Bridget Gormley at a screening of her film "Dust" with members of the FDNY

Our ongoing Q&A series "In Their Own Voices" — created to highlight the diversity and previously unimaginable undertaking of the 9/11 rescue and recovery community — continues this month with filmmaker and advocate Bridget Gormley, whose firefighter father William (Billy) died in 2017 from lung and bladder cancer caused by exposure to toxins at at Ground Zero. 

Where were you on 9/11?
I was at school in Marine Park in Brooklyn. I was in the 5th grade. I remember it was a beautiful day and the classroom windows were wide open. We had no idea that something happened miles away in lower Manhattan, but the kids in class started to smell a stench coming through the windows – we would later learn it was from the World Trade Center site. Soon, kids were getting pulled from class to go home with their families. By the time school let out, only a handful of kids remained, including me.

When my mother picked me up, I learned what had happened, and that my dad, a New York City firefighter with Engine 310/Ladder 174, was responding. In fact, many of the kids at the school were the sons and daughters of cops and firemen — the entire student body was impacted.

What role did your father play in the rescue and recovery efforts?
In the months after 9/11, my dad Billy Gormley worked the rescue and recovery effort at Ground Zero. Despite the emotional and physical scars that the attacks and his time down at the site left on him and his fellow first responders, I know my dad would have done it all over again.

Can you describe the bond between you and the rest of the rescue and recovery community? 
The 9/11 victim community is a one no one ever wants to be a part of. To be in it means you have experienced immense pain, suffering, and loss. However, this is a community unlike any other. My dad always told people that he had the greatest job in the world. He felt that his fellow firefighters were an extension of his family. So, when he died from cancer, my "family" grew exponentially. The FDNY and the community of responders helped alleviate the pain and suffering my family were going through. In this community, everyone looks out for each other because the sacrifice of the job is always present. 

Photo booth images of a mustached man and his daughter making funny faces

Gormley as a child with her father

How did your father's time at Ground Zero affect his health? 
While my dad survived the day of 9/11, the toxic dust lingered over his shoulder for 16 years. In January 2017, he was diagnosed with bladder cancer. Six months later, he passed away. His cancer was directly linked to his exposure to the toxic chemicals present at Ground Zero.

For my dad, his diagnosis was unwelcome, but anticipated. For our family, however, it was a complete shock. He rarely talked with me and my brothers about 9/11 and his time at Ground Zero, so we had no idea. After his death, I needed to know more about the conditions at Ground Zero and what my dad could never bring himself to tell us. In searching for answers, I discovered tens of thousands of individuals who share my dad's fate — men and women who had been in lower Manhattan breathing in toxins, who are now suffering or have died from related illnesses. Once the magnitude and severity of the situation became apparent, I began to document it.

Tell us about the work you're doing to keep his legacy alive?
I now dedicate my life to telling this story. My documentary, DUST: The Lingering Legacy of 9/11highlights the tragedy of people who relive 9/11 daily by living with its deadly legacy. While their lives were spared on 9/11, they now face a mounting health crisis. It serves as a reminder of the ongoing human toll of 9/11. As thousands continue to die, survivors are forced to fight political and legal battles for recognition and compensation.

What would you like to share with those born after 9/11? 
It is important for them to learn about the terrorist attacks beyond one day a year. We must also teach students about what happened after 9/11, including the nine-month rescue and recovery effort, and acknowledge the hundreds of thousands of people dealing with its health consequences. Recognizing these lingering effects and all those impacted is crucial to educating the next generation.  

Anything else you'd like to add? 
The documentary DUST reminds us that the impacts of the tragedy are still painfully present. While the 9/11 narrative has always focused on explaining what happened, DUST makes us consider what is happening now, what we've learned, and how we help those who are suffering. 

Compiled by Caitlyn Best, Government and Community Affairs Coordinator 

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